Beijing time:2021-06-17 03:39
[New Tang Dynasty Beijing time June 17, 2021]Jupiter is the largest planet in the solar system and has an absolute position among the moons of the sun. Billions of years ago, this behemoth collapsed in a chaotic nebula. This process is called accretion. It is the beginning of the formation of planets and the beginning of Jupiter’s glory in the solar system. Although almost all the gas and rotating matter have entered Jupiter’s body, there is still a small proportion of matter accumulated in the small vortex in Jupiter’s orbit, and these matter finally solidified into Jupiter’s guardian moon.
Due to the huge size of Jupiter, the gravitational force it produces in its own field is also huge. Observed data shows that Jupiter has 60-200 satellites. There is still no clear conclusion about how many satellites surround this behemoth. . But there is no doubt that if you stand at the edge of Jupiter’s atmosphere and look up at the sky, you will see many satellites dancing in the sky, and the scene will be very spectacular.
In February 2007, the New Horizons spacecraft headed towards Pluto, the camera was pointed at Io, which is almost the size of the moon, and its orbit is 420,000 kilometers from Jupiter (the moon is about 380,000 kilometers from the earth), but because Jupiter’s mass is about 318 times that of the earth, so Io’s gravitational force is much greater than that of the moon’s gravitational force.
Io, like other regular moons of Jupiter, is named after a Roman mythological figure. Its name is Io, the lover of Cupid, the goddess of love. This “lover” has a flame as intense as love. What distinguishes Io from other Jupiter moons is its spectacular volcanic eruption. Its surface is home to more than 400 large and small volcanoes. Due to the perennial eruption, its surface There are hundreds of kilometers of low-viscosity liquid flowing, which may be liquid sulfur or silicate.
Also due to the huge gravity, these volcanoes are active all year round. In those days, photos taken by New Horizons showed that the magma ejected from the huge crater was more than 300 kilometers high. The burning red liquid made the surface temperature of Io as high as 1,700 degrees Celsius. .
Because of Jupiter’s huge gravitational pull, Io’s entire interior may be melted, and its internal temperature is higher than the surface, which means Io may not have a hard core as we imagined. It can eject more than one ton of material per second, while maintaining the continuous high temperature of the surface. Is it hard to imagine that a high-temperature fireball does not have a stable inner core, but it can circumvent a behemoth and continuously erupt matter outwards. Where does this guy get the continuous output of energy?
At present, it is widely speculated that it revolves around Jupiter, so it is greatly squeezed. This process is called tidal heating. Jupiter’s huge gravitational force causes friction in the core of Io. Since the formation of dependence, Jupiter is constantly building its own works. If the satellite gets a little tidal heating, it will become flexible, stretch like mud, and deform under the gravitational force of the parent planet. The surface of the satellite is relatively cold. It is quickly torn apart and cracked like mud. However, it is hot inside, and will slowly stretch out. It is rubbed by the gravitational force of its parent planet, and it is formed by constant rubbing. A gorgeous fireball hung high in the air.
(From the Voice of Hope International Radio/Editor: Ye Ping)
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